Boiler.



e. T. LADD APPLICATION FILED FEB. 28. 1916 Patented Now 5, 1918.

2 SHEETS-SHEET F' lnl.

INVENTGW WITNESSES G. T. LADUu BOILER.

APPLICATION HLED FEB.28.1916.

Patemml Nov. 5, 1m,

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WIHHEHM tubes and flow up along the same, and in aenonen'r. name, or rrrrsnunerr, rnnivsfrrvaivra.

BOILER.

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application filed February 538, 1916.

To all whom it may 0 120cm:

Be it known that I, Gnonen T. Lane, residing at Pittsburgh, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, a citizen of the United States, have invented or dis covered certain new and useful Improvements in Boilers, of which improvements the following is a specification.

It is characteristic of vertical water tube boilers now in use that the combustion chamber is so constructed and connected to the chamber in which the drums and tubes are arranged, that the products of combustion are directed or delivered'into the tube or heating chamber in such manner that they will impinge against the tubes at or adjacent to the lower ends of the'first set of comparatively narrow passage between said tubes and the wall of the setting to a point adjacent to their upper ends where such products flow transversely of the tubes and down along the second set of tubes. As the gases will contact with the relatively cold tubes of the first set, combustion, which is incomplete in the combustion chamber, will be checked, and gradually diminish as the gases move up along said tubes.

The invention described herein has for its object a construction offire or combustion chamber which will permit of a sufficient movement of the gases as to insure a practically complete combustion prior to the products of combustion encountering the tubes, in combination with an arrangement of. baflles whereby the most efficient heating of the first series of tubes will be due to gases moving down along such tubes after practically complete combustion has been effected. The invention is hereinafter more fully described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, Figure 1 is a partial sectional elevation of 'a vertical water tube boiler embodying my improvements; Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation on a plane'indicated by the line IIl[l[ Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a sectional plan on a plane indicated by the line HIIII Fig. 1.

lln the construction shown in Figs; 1, and 2, the boiler consisting of an upper drum 1 and a lower drum 2 and three sets or series of tubes 3, 4 and 5 connecting said drums, is inclosed on the rear and sides with suitable walls as is customary. In lieu, however, of arranging the upper portion of the front Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 5, rare.

Serial no. 80,948.

wall a short clistanse from the boiler and sition with the top of the boiler setting,

there is provided a chamber having a height measuring from the grate bars or point of introduction of the fuel equal or approximately equal to the length of thetubes connecting the upper and lower drums, the gases generated on the burning of the fuel, can expand freely and become thoroughly lntermingled as they rise, and combustion will be substantially complete. The up ward movement of the gases is not due to their low specific gravity alone, but also to the draft in the stack as the outlet from the. combustion chamber'is adjacent to the upper end of the latter. As the first series of tubes 3 is wholly to one side of the natural upward line of flow; of the gases, the latter, in their upward movement will not be cooled by contact with the tubes, or only to a slight extent. These tubes being cooler than the gas, a partial vacuum is formed around and adjacent thereto, so that the hot gases will be drawn down from the upper portion of the combustion chamber and flow down along and between the tubes into space 6 between the first series of tubes 3 and the batlle 7 "which is arranged to prevent gases passing from the space 6 between the set of tubes 4:. The gases moving in this reverse direction will pass out be tween the lower portions of the tubes 5 and mingle with the gases fiowing'upward in the combustion chamber, thus producing a reverberatory movement of the roducts of combustion in the combustion ciamber.

in the construction of boiler furnaces in general use whatever heat is absorbed by the walls of the combustion chamber are 'merely radiated from the sides and front Elli lllft face of said wall will also reflect the heat toward said tubes.

The heat and products of combustion escape from the upper portion of the combustion chamber passing through between the upper portions of the tubes 3 over the balile S and down along the set of tubes 4- and the space 9 between the tubesl and the vertical baffle 10. The products of combustion flow from between the lower portions of the tubes at and the lower end of the space 9 under the baflie 11 and up along the tubes 5 to the stack.

It is preferred to so construct the front of the combustion chamber as to provide an open-topped pocket 13 for the reception of superhcater elements 14-. The upper end of this pocket is connected by an opening 15 with the upper end of the combustion chamher, so that products of combustion may flow down through the pocket in contact with the superheater elements and into the combustion. chamber through openings 16 in the curtain-wall 17 forming the inner wall of the pocket. I

In an application filed of even date herewith I have described and claimed the combination of superheaters with the walls of combustion chambers of boilers for the purpose of protecting such walls against excessive heatin ahd also for preventing loss of heat by; radiation from such walls. While the benefits derived from such use of superheaters will be great, regardless of tho specific construction of combustion chamber, such benefits will be much greater when a high combustion chamber is employed as herein described and shown.

It {Will be observed that the'bafile 7 is so arranged that the gases in their downward mov ment in the combustion chamber may pass entirely through the first set or series of tubes 3, and enter an unobstructed space 6 in the rear of such setand flow down through the same to the surface of the lower drum by which the gases are deflected out into the combustion chamber. In thus providing a space in the rear of the set of tubes 3, the oppositely flowing streams of gases, upward in the combustion chamber and downward in the space in the rear of set of tubes 3, can move freely without interfering the one with the other.

would injuriously affect the lower 0 In the constructions heretofore employed I the hot gases were forced directly against the lowerends of the first set or bank of tubes. By reason of the high speed imparted to the gases due to the confined space the area of the grate, nearly to the upper tubes are ends of the first bank of tubes, the gases are free to move up parallel. with the first bank of tubes, and their lateral movement. toward the'tubes will be due solely to expansion and not to the pull of the stacl. The lower portions of the first bank or of protected from direct cutting impingement of the gases, by those gases, which as heretofore stated .llow down along the first set of tubes and through the chamber and are deflected outward transverse of the lower ends of the first set of tubes and into the combustion chamber by the lower drum. This outward movement of the gases will tend to push the extremely hot gases in the combustion chamber from the tubes.

After passing over an iucloscx balllc H which closes the upper end of the space ll, the gases low down along the tubes of the intermediate set 4 and the uninterrupted space 9 between the set of tubes l and the substantially vertically baffle 10 extending down from the upper drum in a plane adjacent to the front tubes of the rear set 5, to a point a short distance above the lower drum. The gases flowing upwardly along the outer wall of the combustion chamber, will be dc-- flccted by the top of said chamber toward the throat between the upper drum and, the bafiie 8, in state of complete combustion. All the gases entering the space 9 are caused to flow around ballic 11 at the lower end of space 9 in among the lower portions of the intermediate set of tubes, transversely of the lower portions of the tubes of set 5 and up along the same to the outlet 12 to the slack.

It is characteristic of my improvement that no material portions of the products of combustion contact with the tubes until after opportunity for )i-aclically complete combustion has been afforded, and that the gases which pass through the throat above bullie 8 have either not been in contact with the tubes of set 3 or have been regenerated by passing through the combustion chamber after-contact with tubes of set 3.

it will be obscrvcd that the space 6 is protected by the balllo 8 from the direct pull of the draft, so that the hot gases having passed through the first set of tubes near their upper ends, will be practically true to more down through such space in which the pres sure has been reduced by the cooling clfcct of the tubes. In effect, the bullies 7 and 8 form the roar walls of a combustion chamher through which the first set or bank of tubes, or inwhich the major portions of such tubes are so arranged that gases may pass through and beyond such set of tubes. 7 I claim hcrcin as my invention:

The combination, with a boiler consist ing of an upper and a lower drum, and a "plurality of sets or banks of vertical tubes connecting "the drums. of a lmlllc oxtcmling from the lower drum alon the iron:

of lhe intermediate set or bank, and extendig g across the space between the first and ater-mediate sets of tubes a short distance balsa the upper drum, and a fire box or combustion chamber having its top above the portions of the bathing across the space between the first and intermediate sets of tubes, and of substantially uniform width for its entire length. u

.2. The combination with a boiler consisting of an upper and a lower drum, and a plurality of sets or banks of vertical tubes connecting the drums, of a combustion chamber or fire box having a height. approx} niately equal to the distance between the upper and lower drums, and of substantially uniform width, a bailling extending upwardly from the lower drum and so located that the first set of tubes will for a major portion of their length be wholly within the fire box or comlmstion chamber.

The combination, with a boiler consisting of an upper and a lower drum and a plurality of sets or banks of vertical tubes connecting said drums, of bafiies arranged to cause products of "combustion to move across such sets of tubes at points adjacent to the ends thereof, and at points intermediate the end traverses, and a. combustion chamber or fire box having a height not less, than that of the first bafile, and a substantially uniform Width.

4. The combination, with a boiler consisting of an upper and a lower drum and three sets of banks of vertical tubes connecting said drums, of battles arranged to cause products of combustion to move across such sets of tubes at points adjacent to the ends thereof, and at points intermediate the end traverses, and a combustion chamber or fire box having a height not less than that of the first bafiie, and a substantially uniform Width.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set 111 band.

y GEORGE T. LADD. Witness:

G. G. Tuna 

